End The Fed is the first book of Ron Paul’s which I have read. I’ve been listening to podcasts and reading blogs about the need to end the fed and all manner of reasons why they are evil. With nearly 100 years of history, there is much to learn to come up to speed. Turns out, there is less to really grasp than expected and Paul does a very good job of laying out the exact reasons why: they rule in secret behind closed doors and flatly refuse to cooperate when asked. That an entity of our government can have the chutzpah to ignore Congressional inquiry seems wholly beyond the pale, yet, here we are.
Not all economics are created the same
Libertarianism has exposed me to economics at all, and Austrian economics particularly, and that ain’t all bad. I accept the premise that liberty cannot be achieved without money. I will put aside the discussion of what money is, touched on in the book, and use it in the colloquial sense to make a point: no slave or indentured servant or paycheck to paycheck person found liberty in that condition. Each person found a way to change that condition to a more favorable one, and that was the path to liberty. We, the current residents of the USA, are tied to the Fed in ways we may not see and that’s mostly by design. That is out tether and that is not a way to national liberty.
The end of the book is really the beginning, the rest is information. Paul writes, “Among all the arguments that can be used to reject the Federal Reserve, the moral argument alone should suffice. It’s cheating. It’s a lie. It’s counterfeiting. It benefits the few at the expense of the many. . . . That should be enough for all Americans to all for an end to this ninety-five-year-old failed scheme.”
The work yet to do
Along the way to ending the fed, Paul gets in the proper jabs at the unnecessary big government as well. It is End The Fed, but he reminds us that more than just that is unconstitutional. He offers a call to action, albeit, a slow one. Information is the first salvo, and he feels this book is one lobby in that cause. As a newbie economist, I appreciate the relative ease with which Paul masters his topic. I enjoyed some inside baseball from Congressional hearings. He does try to explain money as a commodity, inflation and deflation, and, does so rather well. The confusion I found between and among those is on me, not on him.
This is a primer, and reads as such. There is far too much to write or know for this to be the be-all end-all book of money and Federal Reserve. To Paul’s credit, he offers a reading list and I appreciate that he broke the books into categories of Beginner, Intermediate, Advanced and Bonus Reading. All familiar with Austrian economics will find the expected names of Mises, Rothbard, Murphy and Hayek. I recommend Paul’s book and the reading list, which I’m tackling, out of order by the way.
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Blitz Puff Pastry
Making your own puff pastry from scratch is worth the effort. The real stuff takes more time than the faster, and slightly easier, blitz puff pastry.
Blitz, shortened from Blitzkrieg, means fast. This is blitz puff pastry because it is made more quickly than classic puff pastry. The quality is nearly as good as the classic version and will work for cheese straws, savory palmiers, wrapping brie in pastry, or even vol au vent cups. I would not use this for Napoleon.
How to make blitz puff pastry
The skills used to make both are the same so when you are ready, you can trade up to the classic version. All ingredients should be cold and it can be easily scaled, but not too small. Too little dough is more challenging to roll and that leads to poor results.
The why of the process
Why it works is the dough portion is layered between the butter portion. This format is similar for croissants and Danish, dough between layers of fat.
Whole butter is not 100% fat: it has some water. As the pastry heats, the water turns to steam and that expansion of gas raises the pastry. With both croissant and Danish, that happens but also, the dough has yeast to increase the rise independent of the steam.
In all three cases, a few things need to be so. The dough must not be rolled to thin or it will tear and the butter layers will meet. This will result in an area which doesn’t rise the same as the rest. There’s no way to know in advance where that is. That area of torn dough shows up when the puff is baked. That tear is less noticeable in croissant and Danish because the yeast will raise the dough.
The now what?
The baker has a few tools available to help make sure this tear doesn’t happen.
Skill. Practice practice practice. And pay attention.
Temperature. The dough and the butter need to be about the same temperature. Cool enough for the butter to hold its shape and warm enough that it can spread without cracking. It is a small window.
Time. Chill the dough as long as necessary to chill the butter to that right temperature, but not too long it gets hard. Then, rest the pastry between rolls and folds. This is necessary to relax the gluten which will allow the pastry to be rolled thin enough to make the next fold.
Worth the work
Learning to make laminated dough is effortful. Rewarding, but effortful. Be the student and take detailed notes which you can actually read the next day. What month is it? What outdoor temperature is it? What indoor temperature is it?
Years ago, I made puff pastry once a week for a year in Tallahassee, FL. January is not the same as July and the dough knew, even in an air conditioned kitchen.
As with things challenging, it is, well, a challenge. Don’t let that stop you.
I would recommend a proper pastry rolling pin. This pin offers the proper leverage to roll the dough evenly which is important to the success of a laminated dough.
Blitz puff is, as the name suggests, fast. Fast, is of course, relative to the classic version.
This is a very suitable replacement in nearly all cases and for appetizers and toppings for pot pie or Apple Tart Tatin, most excellent.
Course
Pastry
Cuisine
French
Keyword
Blitz puff pastry, French pastry, Puff Pastry
Prep Time10minutes
Cook Time20minutes
Roll and rest6hours
Total Time30minutes
AuthorDann Reid
Ingredients
Make the puff dough
454gAll purpose flour
454gWhole butter, diced into 1" cubes
1TSalt
2TFresh squeezed lemon juiceno seeds, please
14ozIce cold waterYou may not need it all
Instructions
Work on a clean and uncluttered counter. Doughs have a habit of taking more space than you think they might. Add the salt to the flour and the lemon juice to the water.
Place the flour on the counter, make a well in the center and add the diced butter. Work the butter into the flour by mashing the butter with a pastry blade, or between your thumb and forefinger. You can, simultaneously, work the butter and flour with the rest of your fingers. The goal is to make lima bean sized lumps of butter. Chunks of butter is necessary for the proper puffing of the dough.
Arrange the flour butter mix, which should resemble corn meal with butter chunks, into a pile and make a well in the center of that. Add about a third of the water, mix the outside edges of the pile of flour into the middle, mixing the flour mix into the water with your free hand. Push aside the middle to form another well, add the next third, repeat the process and add the last third of water.
The pastry will gather at the ends of your fingers like gluey flour. This can be unnerving, but it is unavoidable. Work the dough by kneading to form a cohesive ball which can be used to clean up all the stray bits of dough.
Use a bench scraper and clean the counter. Lightly flour the work space, place the dough into the middle of the counter, and roll into a rectangle, roughly three times as long as wide. Take care not to let the rolling pin to roll off the edge of the dough. Use your hands to keep the rectangle as uniform as possible and fold the pastry as a letter, the first third starts with the end nearest you and then fold the top portion over that. This is the first fold. Push your finger gently into the top to form a single divot. Some bakers prefer three folds, some prefer four. I use four folds. Place the dough on a sheet pan, cover with plastic wrap and cool for 20 minutes. Repeat this process two (or three) more times, each time pressing your fingers into the dough to reflect the number of folds it has received.
When you pastry is fully rolled and folded, cut them into portions of thirds. Each will be just shy of 1 pound. Wrap each piece well, place into a freezer quality zip top bag. Squeeze as much air out as possible and freeze. Use the dough within 1 month for best quality.
To roll the dough for use, remove the packet from the freezer and place in the refrigerator the night before to thaw slowly. It is important to keep the dough cold for as long as possible. A French pin is certainly useable for rolling puff, and that’s what I have. I do find these pins very helpful for large batches of dough or for ease. If you use a classic pin , it is important that it be a large pin so the handles keep your folded fingers from tearing the dough. Puff pastry dough which gets torn will pull and shrink in that spot and there is little that can be done to fix that. Here is a video showing some of the basics on pastry rolling.
Recipe Video
Recipe Notes
Here's a link to a short video about rolling puff pastry.
